Section 349: Knowingly Selling Goods Marked with Counterfeit Property Mark

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita • Chapter XVIII: Of Offences Relating to Documents & Property Marks • Official Statutory Text & Legal Guide

Chapter XVIII: Of Offences Relating to Documents & Property Marks
Any Magistrate
Bailable
Non-Cognizable
Formerly Sec 486 IPC

Legal Commentary & Landmark Judgments: Section 349

Section 349 penalises selling, exposing, or having in possession for sale any goods or things with a counterfeit property mark.

  • Commercial Stock: Selling, offering, or possessing goods for commercial sale.
  • Counterfeit Mark: The goods bear a spurious or counterfeit property mark.
  • Statutory Defence: Accused is liable unless they prove: (1) acted in good faith; (2) had no reason to suspect; and (3) gave full information regarding the supplier.
Key Landmark Precedents:
  • Dau Dayal v. State of U.P. AIR 1959 SC 433: The Supreme Court held that shopkeepers who stock counterfeit branded goods cannot escape liability unless they prove strict bona fide reliance on genuine supplier invoices.
  • Pepsico India Holdings Pvt. Ltd. v. State of U.P. (2012) 5 SCC 1: Emphasised that distributor and retailer supply chains must maintain verified purchase documentation to establish good faith.
Courtroom Practice & Strategic Litigation Guidance:

Crucial statutory defence: Under Section 349, the merchant must produce GST invoices, supplier addresses, and proof that goods were purchased in the normal course of trade to earn an acquittal.