Section 13: No deposit or advance to be taken by promoter without first entering into agreement for sale

Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 • Official Statutory Text & Practice Guide

Statutory Regulation
Legal Standard
Competent Court / Tribunal
Act 2016

Legal Commentary & Landmark Judgments: Section 13

Section 13 establishes a strict statutory cap prohibiting promoters from accepting more than ten percent of the apartment or plot cost as an advance payment or application fee without first executing and registering an Agreement for Sale.

  • Ten Percent Statutory Ceiling: Promoter cannot accept a sum more than 10% of the total cost of the apartment, plot, or building as advance payment or application fee without entering into a written agreement.
  • Mandatory Registered Agreement: Requires execution of a formal Agreement for Sale in the prescribed statutory format and its registration under the Registration Act, 1908.
  • Statutory Specifications: Agreement for Sale must specify project development details, payment schedules, construction milestones, and statutory possession dates.
  • Protection Against Unilateral Forfeiture: Prevents promoters from coercing earnest money deposits or unilaterally forfeiting buyer funds without registered contractual covenants.
Key Landmark Precedents:
  • Wadhwa Group Holdings Pvt. Ltd. v. Homi Pheroze Ghandy, 2023 SCC OnLine SC 642: The Supreme Court ruled that Section 13 is mandatory and protects buyers from being coerced into parting with large capital without registered contractual rights; payments beyond 10% without registration constitute a statutory violation.
  • Pioneer Urban Land and Infrastructure Ltd. v. Govindan Raghavan, (2019) 5 SCC 725: The Supreme Court held that standard-form builder agreements containing one-sided clauses, one-sided interest rates, and unilateral forfeiture terms violate Section 13 and constitute an unfair trade practice.
Courtroom Practice & Strategic Litigation Guidance:

Never disburse booking amounts exceeding 10% of property cost until the developer furnishes the registered Agreement for Sale; any demand for 15-20% under 'booking schemes' constitutes an actionable offence under Section 61.