Section 92: Causing Death of Quick Unborn Child by Act Amounting to Culpable Homicide

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita • Chapter V: Of Offences Against Women & Children • Official Statutory Text & Legal Guide

Chapter V: Of Offences Against Women & Children
Court of Session
Non-Bailable
Cognizable
Formerly Sec 316 IPC

Legal Commentary & Landmark Judgments: Section 92

Section 92 penalizes causing the death of a quick unborn child by an act amounting to culpable homicide, prescribing imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and fine.

  • Act Amounting to Culpable Homicide: The offender commits an act of violence under such circumstances that if they thereby caused the death of the mother, they would be guilty of culpable homicide.
  • Death of Quick Unborn Child: The physical violence causes the death of the quick unborn child within the mother's womb.
  • Constructive Homicide Protection: Treats the destruction of a viable, moving unborn child on parity with homicide (formerly Section 316 IPC).
Key Landmark Precedents:
  • Jabbar v. State (AIR 1966 All 590): Held that where the accused struck a heavily pregnant woman with a heavy club causing the death of the viable child in the womb, liability under Section 316 IPC (Section 92 BNS) was established.
  • State of Maharashtra v. Flora Santuno Kotian (2007) 12 SCC 333: Affirmed that destroying a quick unborn child through brutal physical violence warrants severe custodial sentencing.
Courtroom Practice & Strategic Litigation Guidance:

In assault trials where a pregnant woman survived but her 8-month unborn fetus perished, charge under Section 92 BNS: lead obstetric ultrasound reports and post-mortem fetal examinations to prove quickening and viable gestational age.