Section 354: Inducing Person to Believe That He Will Be Rendered Object of Divine Displeasure

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita • Chapter XIX: Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Defamation & Savings • Official Statutory Text & Legal Guide

Chapter XIX: Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Defamation & Savings
Any Magistrate
Bailable
Non-Cognizable
Formerly Sec 508 IPC

Legal Commentary & Landmark Judgments: Section 354

Section 354 penalises voluntarily causing or attempting to cause any person to do anything which that person is not legally bound to do, by inducing them to believe that they will become an object of divine displeasure (replacing Section 508 IPC).

  • Superstitious Coercion: Inducing a person to believe that they or someone in whom they are interested will become an object of divine displeasure or spiritual curse.
  • Unlawful Purpose: Done to coerce the person to do an act they are not legally bound to do, or omit an act they are legally entitled to do.
  • Exploitation of Faith: Deploying spiritual terror, social excommunication, or superstitious curses for extortion or control.
Key Landmark Precedents:
  • Ramji Lal Modi v. State of U.P. AIR 1957 SC 620: Affirmed that the law protects citizens from extortionate spiritual coercion and threats of divine retribution.
  • Emperor v. Sheo Dayal (1933) ILR 55 All 274: Held that performing tantric rituals outside a debtor's house and threatening that his family will perish from a curse constitutes an offence under this section.
Courtroom Practice & Strategic Litigation Guidance:

Audio-video recordings of the exorcist, tantrik, or spiritual extortionist issuing curses or threats of death must be preserved and certified under Section 63 BSA.